Causes of low back pain include lumbar degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, lumbar radiculopathy, discogenic pain, facet joint arthropathy, sacroiliac joint arthropathy / dysfunction, and myofascial pain.

Causes of chronic neck pain include cervical degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, cervical radiculopathy, discogenic pain, facet joint arthropathy, occipital neuralgia, and myofascial pain.

Neuropathic Pain (nerve – generated pain)

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) a.k.a. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)

Lumbar, Thoracic, or Cervical Radiculopathy

Post-Herpetic Neuralgia (Shingles Pain)

Occipital Neuralgia

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Post-Stroke Pain (Central Pain)

Phantom Limb Pain

Multiple Sclerosis

Peripheral Neuropathy (e.g. Diabetic)

Mononeuropathies (after damage to a single nerve)

Arthritis Pain (Joint Pain)

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Osteoarthritis

Cancer Pain

            Discogenic pain (pain directly from disc disease)

            Sacroiliac Joint Arthropathy (back of the hip)

            Lumbar Facet Joint Arthropathy (small joints of spine)

            Spinal Stenosis (narrowing of spinal canal)

Lumbar Radiculopathy (nerve root irritation) with leg pain as well

Myofascial Pain (muscular pain)

Lumbar Post-Laminectomy Syndrome (failed back surgery)

Other rare causes of back pain include infection, tumor, pancreatitis, kidney stones, and sickle cell crisis.